SPORT AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Academic year and teacher
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2015/2016
- Teacher
- MARIA CHIARA ZATELLI
- Credits
- 3
- Didactic period
- Secondo Semestre
- SSD
- MED/13
Training objectives
- This course aims to provide knowledge on the basics of endocrine and metabolic mechanisms in response to physical activity, on the endocrine and metabolic consequences of sports, on principles of exercise prescription in diabetic subjects
The main acquired knowledge will be:
•Endocrine and metabolic responses to physical activity
•Endocrine modifications during physical activity with regard to type, duration, intensity, training, nutritional status, emotional status, environmental issues
•Effects of physical activity on energy expenditure, thermoregulation and body composition in adult and aging subjects, with or without glucose metabolism impairment
•The role of physical activity in the therapeutic approach to metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes
The basic acquired abilities will be:
•To manage diabetic patients during physical activities, taking into account therapeutic and diet regimens
•To manage obese patients during physical activities, taking into account diet regimens
•To manage patients with endocrinopathies during physical activities
•To recognize and critically deal with endocrine doping Prerequisites
- The following concepts are mandatory
•background knowledge in anatomy, biology, physiology and physiopathology of the endocrine system
•background knowledge in biochemistry and clinical biochemistry Course programme
- Endocrine responses and endocrine system organization
Response mechanisms to external stimuli. Central nervous system – endocrine system integration . Endocrine system organization: endocrine axes.
Diabetes mellitus and exercise
Principles of glucose homeostasis. Insulin and hyper-glycemic hormones. Physiopathology of glucose homeostasis: diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2, physiopathology, therapeutic approaches and complications. Exercise in the diabetic patient. Endocrine and metabolic basis of training programs for reducing adipose mass and modify lipid profile in obese and diabetic patients. Anabolic effects of insulin in athletes.
Obesity and exercise
Exercise associated to low caloric diet programs. Management of exercise progmans in obese subjects.
Regulation and physiopathology of thyreotroph axis
Thyreotroph axis regulation. Thyroid hormones mechanism of action and biosynthesis. Main thyroid diseases: hypo- and hyper-thyroidism. Main thyroid diseases. Exercise in patients with thyroid disease.
Regulation and physiopathology of somatotroph axis
Somatotroph axis regulation. Growth hormone mechanism of action. Metabolic regulation of GH in association with exercise. Metabolic substrates and GH secretion. GH and exercise. Main diseases of somatotroph axis: growth hormone excess and deficit. GH doping.
Regulation and physiopathology of corticotroph axis
Corticotroph axis regulation. Adrenocortical steroid hormone mechanism of action. Glucocorticoids and execise. Main diseases of corticotroph axis: glucocorticoid excess and deficit. Exercise and adrenal disease.
Regulation and physiopathology of gonadotroph axis
Gonadotroph axis regulation in male and in female. Sex steroid hormone mechanism of action. Exercise and gonadal axis. Stress and gonadotropin secretion. Amenorrhea and reproductive disorders in athletes. Main diseases of gonadotroph axis: hypogonadism. Sex steroid hormone doping. Puberty. Didactic methods
- The course is organized as follows:
•frontal lectures on all the course’s topics
•interactive discussion of practical problems Learning assessment procedures
- The aim of the exam is to verify at which level the learning objectives previously described have been acquired, by an oral test lasting about 20 minutes with 3 questions, that will evaluate the acquired knowledge. In addition, the test will evaluate the capacity of connecting the acquired notions. To pass this test it is required to get at least 18 points out of 30.
Reference texts
- Specific topics can be further developed in the following texts:
•Lenzi A., Dondero F., D'Armiento M., Guida allo studio dell'Endocrinologia, Società Editrice Universo
•M. Cappa, Endocrinologia dell’esercizio fisico, UTET
•Lenzi A., Lombardi G., Martino E., Trimarchi F., Endocrinologia e attività motorie, Elsevier Ed.
