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MEDICAL HUMANITIES

Academic year and teacher
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Versione italiana
Academic year
2022/2023
Teacher
GIOVANNI BONIOLO
Credits
8
Didactic period
Primo Semestre

Training objectives

The integrated course of Medical Humanities consists of 4 modules: Logic and Philosophy of Science, Forensic Medicine, Medical Psychology and History of Medicine.

The objectives of the course are to provide students with: the psychological and communicative knowledge necessary for building the doctor's relationship with the patient;
knowledge of classical forensic medicine and legislative topics of interest to the doctor-surgeon; basic knowledge of the history of Western medicine and its relationship with society; the basic knowledge of critical reasoning applied to the clinical field and the elements of methodology of the discourse of biomedical and clinical ethics.

Didactic approaches aimed at improving relational skills will be considered.

At the end of the course students:

In terms of knowledge:
- will know the basics and psychological assumptions of interpersonal communication e
relational and cognitive tools for relationship building.
- will know the main concepts of forensic medicine the main doctrinal and legislative issues of interest to the doctor-surgeon;
- will know the principles of pathology and forensic toxicology;
- will know the main definitions of health and disease in Western history and the origins of clinical thinking, laboratory medicine and medical ethics;
- will know and be able to apply the principles of ethics on biomedical and clinical issues;

In terms of skills:
- will be able to recognize the main communicative elements in building trust e
the main communication errors to avoid in the doctor-patient relationship.
- will be able to recognize the principles of professional liability for biological damage, civil invalidity and social insurance;
- will be able to recognize the historical and contingent nature of medical concepts;
- will know the basic logic and rhetoric to be able to argue and not fall into fallacies in a clinical setting.

Prerequisites

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Modulo: 26809 - MEDICINA LEGALE
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For the course of forensic medicine, basic knowledge of biology is required.

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Modulo: 26810 - STORIA DELLA MEDICINA
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There are no prerequisites.

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Modulo: 26811 - LOGICA E FILOSOFIA DELLA SCIENZA
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There are no prerequisites.

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Modulo: 67376 - PSICOLOGIA MEDICA
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There are no prerequisites.

Course programme

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Modulo: 26809 - MEDICINA LEGALE
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The Forensic medicine course will deal with the principles of ethics and code of ethics. Information and consent, legal figures, mandatory complaints, professional secrecy, certification activity and certification related offenses, principles of criminal forensic medicine, offenses: classification, beatings, personal injury, death from other people's facts, imputability, professional responsibility, biological damage and liability civil; forensic pathology, forensic toxicology, tanatology and death legislation; private and social insurance (INAIL and INPS); civil disability; special laws of medical and legal interest: voluntary termination of pregnancy, law on the repression of sexual violence. Didactic activity finds useful and necessary complement to participation in diagnostic tests (external examination, autopsy).

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Modulo: 26810 - STORIA DELLA MEDICINA
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The Course of History of Medicine will deal with Hippocrates and the origins of western medicine; the birth of modern anatomy and the transformation of the concept of the human body; the hospital and the birth of clinical medicine; laboratory and experimental medicine; health and disease in scientific medicine.

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Modulo: 26811 - LOGICA E FILOSOFIA DELLA SCIENZA
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The Logic and Philosophy of Science course will address critical reasoning in the clinical setting, basic logic; the correct arguments; fallacies to avoid. Biomedical ethics will also be discussed. Techniques for debating ethically sensitive issues in the field of biomedical research and clinical practice are taught in a non-ideological way. Depending on the interest of the students, the following topics are touched:
- Beginning and end of life
- Reproductive choices
- Right to not know and duty to inform
- Incidental findings
- overdiagnosis
- Placebo
- Vaccinations
- Informed consent and open or fiduciary consent
- Participation in clinical trials
- Institutional public health interventions
- Quality of life of the patient and family members
- Patient empowerment
- Professional ethics
- Doctor-patient communication
- Etc.

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Modulo: 67376 - PSICOLOGIA MEDICA
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The Medical Psychology Course will deal with the history of the doctor-patient relationship: philosophical ideas (Plato - Seneca - Kant) and the development of medical technology with its impact on the relationship with the patient; the fundamental pillars of the doctor-patient relationship: Kindness, Sincerity, Empathy, Competence, Effectiveness, Trust, Therapeutic Alliance; effective communication techniques in building the relationship of trust with the patient and resilience as a crucial element in managing the relationship; exemplification and discussion of exemplary clinical cases in the construction of the therapeutic alliance.

Didactic methods

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Modulo: 26809 - MEDICINA LEGALE
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The course includes lectures and online assisted teaching. The hours of online assisted teaching on the certified moodle platform consist of the deepening of some topics covered in class.

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Modulo: 26810 - STORIA DELLA MEDICINA
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The course includes lectures and online assisted teaching. The hours of online assisted teaching on the certified moodle platform consist of the deepening of some topics covered in class.

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Modulo: 26811 - LOGICA E FILOSOFIA DELLA SCIENZA
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The course provides frontal lectures and online assisted teaching. The on-line teaching hours of moodle platform certification service consist in the deepening of some topics presented during the frontal lessons.

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Modulo: 67376 - PSICOLOGIA MEDICA
------------------------------------------------------------
The course includes lectures and online assisted teaching. The hours of online assisted teaching on the certified moodle platform consist of the deepening of some topics covered in class.

Learning assessment procedures

The exam of the integrated course of Medical Humanities will be carried out through a written test consisting of 34 questions and lasting 20 minutes. Each question is formulated as multiple choice (4 options) regarding every educational goal as defined above.
Each correct answer will be evaluated 1.0 point and there will be no penalty for incorrect or non-given answers. The exam mark is assigned in a scale out of thirty: 18/30 is the minimum for passing the exam, achieved by correctly answering to 18 questions out of 34, while the maximum mark, 30 cum laude, will be obtained by correctly answering at least 31 questions.

Reference texts

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Modulo: 26809 - MEDICINA LEGALE
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Legal Medicine: Norelli, Buccelli, Fineschi. Medicina legale e delle assicurazioni, Piccin Ed. 2013
C. Gerin, F. Antoniotti, S. Merli, Medicina legale e delle assicurazioni, Società Editrice Universo, Roma 1997

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Modulo: 26810 - STORIA DELLA MEDICINA
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History of Medicine: Handouts containing texts from primary sources and essays of secondary literature, prepared by the teacher and available on the course website.

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Modulo: 26811 - LOGICA E FILOSOFIA DELLA SCIENZA
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Logic and Philosophy of Science:
Clinical critical reasoning
G.Boniolo, P. Vidali, Strumenti per ragionare, Pearson Bruno Mondadori, Milano, Capp. 1-2, 4, 7-9
Research and clinical ethics
Giovanni Boniolo, Paolo Maugeri (a cura di), Etica alle frontiere della biomedicina. Per una cittadinanza consapevole, Mondadori Università, Milano. Capp. 1-6, 9-10, 12-13

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Modulo: 67376 - PSICOLOGIA MEDICA
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Clinical Psychology: R.J.Comer - PSICOLOGIA CLINICA (2a Ed.), UTET