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FUNCTIONAL BASIS OF LIFE

Academic year and teacher
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Versione italiana
Academic year
2022/2023
Teacher
RICCARDO VIARO
Credits
6
Didactic period
Secondo Semestre

Training objectives

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Modulo: 23783 - FISIOLOGIA UMANA
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HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Give an overview of the functional processes that take place in the human body to understand how they operate in an integrated system.
MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL M.
To understand the basis of microbiology, knowing the characteristics and biology of bacteria, viruses fungi and protozoa, and their role in human disease. To know how to prevent infections

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Modulo: 46508 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
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HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Give an overview of the functional processes that take place in the human body to understand how they operate in an integrated system.
MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL M.
To understand the basis of microbiology, knowing the characteristics and biology of bacteria, viruses fungi and protozoa, and their role in human disease. To know how to prevent infections

Prerequisites

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Modulo: 23783 - FISIOLOGIA UMANA
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HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Knowledge of human anatomy. First principles of microscopic anatomy, of physics, of inorganic, organic and biological chemistry.

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Modulo: 46508 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
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MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL M.
Basic knowledge of cell biology, structure and synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids, basics of immunology

Course programme

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Modulo: 23783 - FISIOLOGIA UMANA
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HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Properties of excitable cells: communication, resting potential, local potentials, the action potential and its conduction. Interaction among excitable tissues: synaptic transmission, neuromuscular transmission.
Physiology of the nervous system: general functional organization of sensory and motor systems. Cerebral cortex. Basal ganglia, Cerebellum. EEG and sleep-wake cycle. Somatosensory system. Pain. Spinal reflexes. Control of voluntary movement. Autonomic nervous system.
Physiology of the muscle: contraction of striate and smooth muscle.
Physiology of heart and circulation: the circulatory system; the heart pump; the electrical activity of the heart and its regulation; the arterial system; the venous system; regulation of blood flow; capillary exchanges. Pressure and baroreceptors.
Physiology of respiration: structure and function of the respiratory system; respiratory volumes and capacities; respiratory mechanics; alveolar and capillary gas exchange; transport of respiratory gases; nervous and chemical control of breathing. Chemoreceptors.
Physiology of the kidney: water compartments; structure and function of the nephron; kidney processes; ultrafiltration; tubular transport functions and mechanisms; regulation of the volume and osmolarity of body fluids; regulation of the acid-base balance.
Physiology of the gastro-enteric apparatus: motor functions; secretory functions; digestion and absorption of food principles.
Physiology of the endocrine system: types of glands and hormones; receptors; the second messengers; endocrine function of hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal, ovary, testicle. Sex hormones, ovarian and uterine cycles.
Body temperature. Regulating meccanisms.

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Modulo: 46508 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
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MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL M.
Structure and metabolism of the bacterial cell. Bacterial spores. Disinfection and sterilization. Principles of bacterial genetics. The cultivation of bacteria. The pathogenic action of bacteria: virulence and toxigenicity. Bacterial toxins. Antibacterial drugs. Drug resistance. Principles of laboratory diagnostics with references to special bacteriology.
Structure, morphology and reproduction of the Mycetes. Mechanisms of the pathogenic action of fungi. Antifungal drugs.
Virus characteristics and structure. Viral replication cycle. Cultivation of viruses. Pathogenic action of viruses. Antiviral drugs. Interferon. Principles of virological diagnostics. AIDS Viral hepatitis.
Defense mechanisms against infections. Vaccines. Nosocomial infections.
Basics of parasitology. Notes on some microorganisms of particular relevance for human pathogenesis

Didactic methods

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Modulo: 23783 - FISIOLOGIA UMANA
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Frontal lesson



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Modulo: 46508 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
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Frontal lesson


Learning assessment procedures

HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Oral examination, lasting 20-25 minutes, which includes various general or specific questions asked to verify the basic knowledge of the main physiological mechanisms of the body. The property of language, the clarity of exposition, the consequentiality of the reasoning and the analytical ability are also evaluated.
MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL M.
Written examination, composed of T/F quizzes (negative point in case of wrong answer), and questions requiring a short answer (from 1 to 3 points each question, depending on the complexity). Time allowed.: 50 minutes.
THE FINAL GRADE IS A WEIGHTED AVERAGE OF THE MARKS OBTAINED IN EACH TEST.

Reference texts

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Modulo: 23783 - FISIOLOGIA UMANA
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HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
- C.L. Stanfield, Fisiologia. EdiSES, fourth edition or later.
- AA.VV., Fisiologia Umana, Fondamenti. Edi-Ermes.

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Modulo: 46508 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
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MICROBIOLOGY AND M. CLINICA
Slides of the lessons, available on the teaching site.
If additions are desired, one of the following texts is recommended:
- Lanciotti, Microbiologia Clinica, IV edizione, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, 2017
- De Grazia, Ferraro, Giammanco, Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica per le professioni sanitarie, I ed, Pearson, 2017
- Cevenini, Microbiologia Clinica per i corsi di Laurea in Professioni Sanitarie, II ed - Piccin 2010