STRUCTURAL DESIGN
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2022/2023
- Teacher
- FABIO MINGHINI
- Credits
- 9
- Didactic period
- Primo Semestre
- SSD
- ICAR/09
Training objectives
- The course is devoted to structural design of buildings. In particular, most of the course is dedicated to reinforced concrete (in the following RC) structures and to steel structures. Moreover, the basis is provided for the structural design using alternative materials.
The aim of the course is to drive the students, with an approach specifically oriented towards practical problems, to all aspects of structural design, from definition of building geometry up to loading conditions, from 3D numerical modeling up to drawings of structural components and detailing.
The knowledge offered by the course concerns the following items:
• typological characteristics of RC residential buildings;
• general approach to structural design of multi-story RC frames including definitions of: structural layout, loading conditions, typology of slabs, and design and drawing of foundations, columns, beams, stairs and cantilever balconies;
• structural behaviour and design approach of precast RC industrial buildings;
• typological characteristics of steel truss structures;
• physical and mechanical properties of structural steel according to the Italian Building Code (D.M. 14/01/2008) and CE marking according to EN 1090-1:2009;
• general approach to structural design of industrial single-story steel buildings including definitions of: loading and constraint conditions, and design and drawing of trusses, columns, bracing systems and connections;
• graphical representation of RC and steel structures.
The main skills acquired (i.e., the ability to apply the gained knowledge) are:
• use of software for numerical modeling of RC and steel buildings, and for ultimate and serviceability limit state verification;
• use of software for automatic generation of reinforcement detailing in RC structural components;
• use of software for safety verification of RC cross-sections and for bending moment and shear diagram computing in foundation beams;
• the ability to develop simple spreadsheets for the design of steel connections;
• the ability to prepare executive drawings of RC and steel structural components. Prerequisites
- Insight into contents of course "Tecnica delle Costruzioni" (Structural Engineering) is strongly recommended, although not mandatory. Knowledge in the fields reported below is particularly welcome:
• structural reliability and semi-probabilistic limit state method;
• definitions of permanent and variable actions;
• design of RC and steel structural members, with regard to both ultimate and serviceability limit states. Course programme
- The course consists of 90 hours of teaching, divided between: classroom teaching (43-46 hours); lessons in a computer lab (43 hours); guided tour of the Laboratory of Structural Engineering (1 hour); possible guided tour of a building construction site (3 hours).
INTRODUCTION (1 hour - Classroom)
RC STRUCTURES: FRAMES, SLABS, CANTILEVERS, STAIRS, ROOFS (7.5 hours - Classroom)
Typologies - Simplified design of RC frames - Influence lines - Buildings resting on compensated foundations - Roofs - Balconies - Stairs
RC FOUNDATIONS (7.5 hours - Classroom)
Typologies - Load combinations according to Italian Building Code - Footings - Foundation beams - Footings on piles - Foundation slabs alone and on piles.
RC STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS IN THE PRESENCE OF COMBINED BENDING, SHEAR AND TORSION (2.5 hours - Classroom)
Design situations determining multiple stress states - Design of reinforcements in RC elements undergoing combined bending, shear and torsion
DRAWING OF RC STRUCTURES (1 hour - Classroom)
Rules for graphical representation of slabs, beams, columns and stairs
RC PRECAST BUILDINGS (2.5 hours - Classroom)
Prevailing typologies and geometric characteristics - Design criteria - Slabs - Pocket foundations - Columns - Role of cladding panels
STRUCTURAL STEEL (2.5 hours - Classroom)
Physical and mechanical properties according to Italian Building Code - CE marking according to EN 1090-1:2009/EN 1991:2011 (Eurocode 1)
INDUSTRIAL SINGLE-STORY STEEL BUILDINGS (5 hours - Classroom)
Structural characteristics of steel industrial buildings - Loads and constraints definition - Purlins - Trussed beams - Roof and vertical bracings - Behaviour of columns
INSTABILITY PHENOMENA IN STEEL PROFILES (2.5 hours - Classroom)
Vlasov's model for thin-walled section profiles - Flexural-torsional buckling - Elasto-plastic instability - Buckling equations given by Italian Building Code and EN 1993 (Eurocode 3)
STEEL CONNECTIONS (7.5 hours - Classroom)
Column-to-foundation connections - Welded connections between web profiles and top and bottom chords of trussed beams - Bolted connections between trussed beams and columns
DRAWING OF STEEL STRUCTURES (1 hour - Classroom)
Rules for graphical representation of structures and construction detailing - Drawing of connections
GUIDED TOUR OF THE LABORATORY OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING (1 hour - Building "E")
Instruments and equipments - Types of load tests
APPLICATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION PERMISSIONS, CONSTRUCTION MANAGER AND TEST ENGINEER ACCORDING TO ITALIAN BUILDING CODE (2.5 hours - Classroom)
Planning permissions, administrative features - Role of Construction Manager, acceptance criteria for construction materials - Role of Test Engineer - Material testing - Legislation
STRUCTURES MADE OF FIBRE-REINFORCED POLYMERS (FRP) (3 hours - Classroom*)
Shapes and other characteristics of FRP structural components - Manufacturing technology - Pultruded Glass-FRP profiles: mechanical properties, local and global buckling, design criteria according to technical document CNR-DT 205/2007 - Examples of all-FRP structures.
*Note: depending on the number of students and the possibility to obtain the necessary permissions, this lesson can be replaced with a GUIDED TOUR TO A BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SITE (3 hours)
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF A RC RESIDENTIAL BUILDING (25 hours - Computer Lab)
Step-by-step driven design of a RC framed structure, from numerical modeling up to drawing of structural components and detailing
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF A STEEL INDUSTRIAL BUILDING (18 hours - Computer Lab)
Step-by-step driven design of a single-story steel structure, from numerical modeling up to drawing of the building and main welded and bolted connections. Didactic methods
- For classroom lessons the teacher makes use of notes and slides, that always are provided to the students. Several numerical examples are presented using blackboard and chalk.
The lessons in computer lab on RC and steel building design typically start after the first 6 hours of classroom teaching on the corresponding topic. Lab lessons initially are weekly; then, they are raised to allow the students to complete the assignments within the term of the course. The students carry out both assignments individually. In particular, the schematic representation of the buildings to be designed is the same for all students, but each student is provided with a unique set of building dimensions and requisites for the structural elements. The teacher shows the development of analogous design assignments step by step, leaving the students all the time necessary to carry out the same operations on their own assignment. The software used for numerical modeling of buildings also performs the safety verifications and generates drawings in CAD format. The design is considered to be completed when safety verification is satisfied for all structural members and drawings of the buildings, including construction detailing, have been generated and handled.
The guided tour to the Laboratory of Structural Engineering occurs during lesson time. The Laboratory is hosted in the Scientific-Technological Campus, Building "E". The teacher illustrates modes of use and operation of instruments and equipments. A demonstrative load test is carried out.
The possible guided tour to a construction site occurs during lesson time in the proximity of the term of the course. The site is chosen in the neighbourhood of the Engineering Department. The various construction stages are illustrated, and executive features for the structural components studied during the course are highlighted. Learning assessment procedures
- The learning assessment is aimed at verifying the level of fulfilment of the training objective reported above.
The exam consists of an oral test subdivided into three parts taking place the same day. The mean duration of the exam is approximately 40 min.
The first part is devoted to RC structures. The teacher inspects the student assignment regarding the design of a multi-story RC building, assigning a rating up to 18 points divided between the following four items: (1) modeling, (2) safety verifications, (3) drawings and (4) theory. Item (1) is related to the capability of the numerical model developed by the student to reproduce the structural behaviour. The teacher also verifies how the student handles loading analysis and design criteria. Item (2) consists of checking that all structural elements in the buildings satisfy both ultimate and serviceability limit state design requirements. Item (3) is related to a check of correctness and accuracy of drawings, with particular reference to reinforcement details for foundations, columns, beams and stairs. The correspondence of the construction details to requirements of the technical norms is also verified. Finally, item (4) includes the contents of classroom lessons.
The second part is devoted to steel structures. The teacher inspects the student assignment regarding the design of a single-story steel building, assigning a rating up to 14 points divided between the following four items: (1) modeling, (2) safety verifications, (3) drawings and (4) theory, which are analogous to those reported above. In this case, item (3) is related to a check of the drawings of the building (i.e., plan view, front view, side view), including specifications of the designed profiles and details of connections.
The third part may concern the topics handled during classroom lessons not specifically dedicated to RC and steel buildings, as well as the guided tour to the Laboratory of Structural Engineering or to the construction site. The maximum rating for this part is 1 point.
The final mark is the sum of the three partial marks. The maximum is given by 18+14+1 = 33 points. To pass the exam it is necessary to get at least 10/18 in the first part, and at least 8/14 in the second part. Reference texts
- Reference documents
- Notes and slides provided by the teacher.
Other textbooks
[1] Migliacci A. (1995). Progetti di Strutture. Part 1. Masson, 3rd ed.
[2] Migliacci A. (1995). Progetti di Strutture. Part 2. Masson, 3rd ed.
[3] Bontempi F., Arangio S., Sgambi L. (2012). Tecnica delle costruzioni. Basi della progettazione. Elementi intelaiati in acciaio. Carocci, 2nd ed.
[4] Mezzina M. (2013). Fondamenti di Tecnica delle Costruzioni. Città degli Studi.
[5] Angotti F., Marro P., Guiglia M., Orlando M. (2011). Progetto delle strutture in calcestruzzo armato. Hoepli.
[6] Cosenza E., Manfredi G., Pecce M. (2015). Strutture in cemento armato. Basi della progettazione. Hoepli.
[7] Albano G. (2011). Tecnologia e tecnica dei solai e dei balconi. Maggioli.
[8] Ferrante T. (2008). Coperture piane. DEI.
[9] Ventura P. (2011). Fondazioni. Geotecnica e geologia - Statica - Scienza e tecnica delle costruzioni - Consolidamento. (Hoepli).
[10] Albano G. (2011). Fondazioni. Progettazione esecutiva in zona sismica. Maggioli.
[11] Locatelli P. (2012). Disegno veloce di armature con AutoCAD. DEI.
[12] Mordà N. (2014). Strutture prefabbricate: comportamento e adeguamento sismico. Maggioli.
[13] Dall'Asta A., Landolfo R., Salvatore W. (2014). Edifici monopiano in acciaio ad uso industriale. Dario Flaccovio.
[14] Barberio G. (2015). Fondamenti di costruzioni in acciaio. Grafill.
[15] Caffè S. (2012). Acciaio. Manuale tecnico per il progetto e la verifica delle strutture in acciaio e delle connessioni bullonate e saldate. Grafill.
[16] Boracchini A. (2014). Collegamenti in acciaio. Progetto e calcolo di giunzioni bullonate. Grafill.
[17] Conticello G., Floridia S. (2015). Progettare i collegamenti nelle strutture in acciaio. Dario Flaccovio.
[18] Springhetti L. (2013). I collegamenti delle strutture in acciaio. Progetto e verifica secondo la norma UNI EN 1993-1-8. Hoepli.
[19] Albano G. (2013). Progetti svolti in materia di strutture antisismiche. Maggioli.
[20] Mor G. (2010). La nuova progettazione esecutiva. Progetto preliminare, definitivo, esecutivo. Definizione del timing e dei dettagli.
