CHEMICAL KINETICS WITH LABORATORY
Academic year and teacher
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2018/2019
- Teacher
- JUSEF HASSOUN
- Credits
- 8
- Didactic period
- Primo Semestre
- SSD
- CHIM/02
Training objectives
- Knowledge and Understanding
Chemical Kinetics and Laboratory course provides a full understanding of basic principles controlling the rate of chemical reactions, supported by in-depth knowledge of principles and applications of chemistry, physics, fundamentals of physical chemistry and materials science provided by other courses, such as chemical thermodynamics. The course provides knowledge on the kinetic laws controlling the chemical transformations, including diffusion and material transport, and their role in controlling the reaction degree.
Knowledge and Understanding application
The graduates are expected to critically apply the acquired knowledge of reaction kinetics, thus allowing theoretical interpretation of the mechanism during the process study and the practical use of suitable experimental setup that is also illustrated during experimental laboratory of the course. In particular, the graduates should apply the kinetic concepts for the interpretation of chemical reactions and chemical-physical processes; The graduates are expected to know the material-transport properties and application to chemical reactions for the description of real systems. Prerequisites
- The course “Chemical Kinetics and Laboratory” requires a firmly founded knowledge of Physics and Maths (complete programs of the courses for chemists)and a good background of Chemical Thermodynamics, as supplied by the attendance of the Physical Chemistry I.
Course programme
- Fundamental kinetic concepts – reaction stoichiometry, rates of consumption and formation, extent of reaction and rate of reaction, volume changes during reactions, empirical kinetic equation: reaction orders, rate constants. Analysis of kinetic results – Differential method, integration method (first, second, nth order), isolation method, reactions in flow systems, techniques for very fast reactions, influence of temperature on reaction rates. Energy of Activation – empirical treatment of activation energy. Kinetic isotope effects. Consecutive reactions, parallel reactions, Quasi Steady State Approximation. Elementary Gas-Phase Reactions: Lindemann- Hinshelwood’s treatment. Polymerization kinetics. Photochemistry: photochemical kinetics, quantum yield, quenching processes, Stern-Volmer plots. Theories of Reaction Rates - Kinetic theory of collisions: energetic requirements, steric factor, RRK mechanism. Fick’s laws diffusion-controlled reactions. Potential energy surfaces, reaction trajectories. Transition-state theory: Eyring’s equation and thermodynamic treatment. Ionic strength effects. Electron transfer reactions and Marcus theory. Butler-Volemr equation. Homogeneous Catalysis: some examples. Heterogeneous catalysis: physisorption and chemisorption. Adsorption isotherms: Langmuir, BET. Isosteric enthalphy. Langmuir- Hinshelwood mechanism. Enzyme catalysis: Michaelis-Menten mechanism, enzyme inhibition.
Didactic methods
- The course is focused on lectures dealing with the fundamentals of chemical kinetics and laboratory experiments, suitably illustrated prior to the beginning of practical sessions. Students are required to write a concise report for each experience, in which, beside the presentation of data and of their elaboration, an interpretation of observed phenomena is required, based on knowledge obtained from relevant lectures
Learning assessment procedures
- Learning level is preliminarily verified during the discussion of the laboratory experiments, and by report delivery, required at the end of each experiment. Two partial written exams are enabled by middle and end of the course or, in alternative, a final written test, required by the students before the final verification by oral test.
Both during the written and during the oral exam several questions are provided to the student, usually numerical exercises by written test and theoretical explanations by oral one. The questions are designed in order to verify full understanding of basic principles and the kinetic laws determining the rate of chemical reactions, the theoretical interpretation of the reaction mechanisms, the practical use of the experimental techniques, the application basic concepts of chemical kinetics in chemical-physical processes and transport phenomena interpretation and for description of real systems. Reference texts
- P. Atkins, J. De Paula - "Physical Chemistry", Oxford, UK
