MEDICAL SCIENCES I
Academic year and teacher
If you can't find the course description that you're looking for in the above list,
please see the following instructions >>
- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2017/2018
- Teacher
- ELENA ADINOLFI
- Credits
- 20
- Didactic period
- Primo Semestre
Training objectives
- ENDOCRINOLOGY
At the end of the course the student should know the main basis of endocrine and metabolic physiopathology.
In particular the student should learn:
-molecular and physiopathologic mechanisms of endocrine and metabolic diseases, including the main endocrine cancers
-pathologic and therapeutic aspects of the main endocrine and metabolic diseases and their implications on oral and dental apparatus
The basic acquired abilities will be:
-to recognize the interrelation between the diseases of the teeth and oral cavity and the main diseases of the endocrine system and metabolism
-to acquire skill in the management of patients with endocrine and metabolic disorders.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
The student, at the end of the course, must have acquired knowledge regarding the infectious agents residing temporarily or permanently in the oral cavity, and causing diseases of the oral cavity itself or systemic diseases. The student will know the epidemiology, the way of transmission, the defense mechanisms of the host, and the pathogenic mechanisms of the human pathogens specified in the course program.
Particular attention will be devoted to the pathogens responsible for oral cavity diseases, systemic diseases associated to clinical manifestations in the oral cavity, and systemic diseases particularly important in the healthcare area of interest. The student will also know the mechanisms leading to the acquisition and evolution of the oral microbiota, and its impact on the onset of the main diseases of the oral cavity with microbiological etiology (dental caries and periodontal diseases).
INTERNAL MEDICINE
To provide an overview of etiological, pathophysiological and clinical characteristics of the most common acute and chronic conditions related to odontology
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
Teach the basic notions concerning the main classes of biomarkers of haematological, inflammatory, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal and bone pathologies. Principles oncologic diagnostic and transfusional medicine. Prerequisites
- Adequate prior knowledge on human anatomy, biochemistry and physiology of the endocrine system. Good knowledge of general microbiology, physiology and pharmacology.
Basic knowledge of enzymatic reactions and of antigen-antibody interaction.
For Clinical Microbiology: knowledge of cell biology, biochemistry and molecular biology related to structure and function of cell components, structure and synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids, and molecular and cellular bases of the innate and acquired immune response. The student must also have knowledge of general Microbiology, regarding the structure, classification and replicative cycle of the human pathogens. Course programme
- ENDOCRINOLOGY
General principles of endocrinology and an overview of endocrine system physiology.
Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of endocrine and metabolic disorders and their consequences on oral health, with specific reference to:
Diabetes mellitus: classification, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, complications and therapy.
Oral complications of diabetes mellitus. Approach to the diabetic patient.
Hypoglycemia. Obesity. Thyroid diseases and cancer
Physiopathology of calcium and bone metabolism. Osteoporosis. Parathyroid diseases: hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism. Oral death and pathology of calcium metabolism
Physiopathology of the hypothalamo-pituitary system. Anterior pituitary diseases (pituitary adenomas, excess or deficiency of anterior pituitary hormone production) and diabetes insipidus. Oral implications of pituitary diseases.
Physiopathology of male and female hyogonadism.
Adrenal gland: adrenal insufficiency and Cushing syndrome, hyperaldosteronism and pheochromocytoma, adrenal incidentaloma. Approach to the patients with adrenal insufficiency and chronically treated with corticosteroid.
Definition and endocrine aspects of hypertension. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and type 2.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
Normal human microbiota. Infections and their routes of transmission. Bases of immune response.
Principles of bacterial and viral pathogenesis. Principles of infectious diseases diagnostics.
Clinical bacteriology: diseases associated to infection by gram-positive Cocci (Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pneumococcus), Gram-negative Cocci (Neisseria), Gram-positive Bacilli (Corynebacterium, Bacillus, Clostridium), Gram-negative Bacilli (Enterobacteriaceae), Mycobacterium.
Clinical mycology: diseases caused by pathogenic and opportunistic Mycetes. Candida.
Clinical Virology: diseases caused by Papillomavirus, Herpesvirus, Picornavirus, Retrovirus (AIDS), Orthomixovirus, Paramixovirus, hepatits Viruses.
Special microbiology of the oral cavity: oral microbial ecosystem; microbiology of the dental plaque; microbiology of the tooth decay; microbiology of the periodontum and of the periodontal diseases.
INTERNAL MEDICINE
Vital parameters. Semeiotic of the chest and abdomen.
Cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease, arrhythmias, endocarditis, deep venous thrombosis)
Diseases of the respiratory system (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary embolism)
Diseases of the gastrointestinal system (disorders of esophagus, disorders of stomach and duodenum)
Hepatobiliary disorders (acute hepatitis, cirrhosis)
Disorders of the genitourinary system (electrolytic alterations, acute and chronic renal failure)
Disorders of the nervous system (cerebrovascular disease, syncope)
Hematological diseases (anemia, platelet diseases, hemorrhagic disorders)
Clinical pharmacology (adverse drug reactions)
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
General organization of the Clinical pathology laboratory. Biomarkers. Pre-analytic and analytic variability, methods for the correct collection and storage of biological samples. Use of enzymes and enzymatic reactions in diagnostics. Competitive and non-competitive immuno-enzymatic assays, sandwich ELISA. Main parameters evaluated through urine analysis, renal clearance. Emocrome, leucocyte formula and inflammatory indexes. Coomb’s test and main transfusional parameters. Elements of pharmacogenomics applied to haemostasis. Biomarkers of myocardic infarction, acute and chronic hepatic damage, solid cancer, bone turnover. Diagnosis of HIV, HBV, HCV. Measure of blood lipids concentration. Diagnosis and follow up of pregnancy and allergic reactions. The laboratory of clinical pathology in the evaluation of alcohol, drugs and doping compounds. Practical course staining of blood samples with May Grunewald Giemsa and observation at the microscope of blood cells. Didactic methods
- Frontal lectures on the course’s topics, clinical cases presentation and practical laboratory experience.
ENDOCRINOLOGY
The course is organized as follows: frontal lectures on the course’s topics and clinical cases presentation
There are some hours of online tutoring lessons, on a moddle certification platform, which consist of learning some topics discussed in lesson and indicated by the teacher at the beginning of the course. Learning assessment procedures
- ENDOCRINOLOGY
The aim of the exam is to verify at which level the learning objectives previously described have been acquired, by an oral test lasting 20-30 minutes with 2-3 questions, that will evaluate the acquired knowledge. In addition, the test will evaluate the capacity of connecting the acquired notions.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
Registration in the exam list: about 20 days before each exam date the registration will be open in the online Unife site, for the course of Clinical Microbiology of the integrated course Medical Sciences-I.
The exam will be an oral test, including about 3 questions on different topics, in a total time of about 30 minutes, in which the exposition precision and clarity, the connection ability and the communication skills will be evaluated.
INTERNAL MEDICINE
Written, multiple choice test, with 30 closed-answer questions; 4-5 possible responses are provided for each question, with a single correct answer. Score definition: 1 point for each correct response, 0 point for each ungiven response or wrong response. Positive test: when a score equal or higher than 18/30 is gained. Allowed time: 45 minutes.
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
During the course the students present a talk to their peers on a subject indicated by the teacher. The final evaluation includes evaluation of the presentation plus an oral test regarding the other subjects treated by the teacher . the oral test is generally 15 to 20 minute long and is intended to evaluate the levels of knolwdge and the critical skills of the student.
The final grade for Medical sciences is a weighted average of the marks obtained in each of the four tests. Reference texts
- ENDOCRINOLOGY
Faglia G., Beck-Peccoz P., Spada A., Malattie del sistema endocrino e del metabolismo, V edizione, McGraw -Hill, Italia 2013
Faglia G., Beck-Peccoz P., Spada A., Lania A., Core Curriculum: Endocrinologia e metabolismo, II Edizione, McGraw-Hill Education
Monaco F., Endocrinologia Clinica, V edizione 2011, Società Editrice Universo- Roma
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
La Placa, Principi di microbiologia medica, Esculapio
Harvey, Champe, Fishe, Le basi della microbiologia, Ed. Zanichelli
Murray, Rosenthal, Pfalle, Microbiologia medica, Ed. EMSI
INTERNAL MEDICINE
Carlo Rugarli, Medicina interna sistematica, Masson Ed.
CECIL (Andreoli, Bennet, Carpenter, Plum), Compendio di medicina interna, Verducci Editore
Manuale MERCK di diagnosi e terapia medica
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
Antonozzi-Gulletta, Medicina di laboratorio, Ed Piccin
