ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2020/2021
- Teacher
- SANTE MAZZACANE
- Credits
- 9
- Didactic period
- Secondo Semestre
Training objectives
- The general aim of the integrated course is the acquisition of the knowledge of physics, engineering and architecture - both theoretical and applied - necessary for proper design of living spaces in relation to the external environment, in terms of comfort, of reducing energy consumption and of using of resources employed correctly.
Prerequisites
- For admission to the exam, the students must have already passed the following tests:
- Technical Physics I
- Technical Physics II
In order to attend the technical physics module it is necessary to have acquired and assimilated the knowledge provided by the Technical Physics courses I and II relating to:
- knowledge of mechanical physics
- principles of thermodynamics
- principles of fluid dynamics
- principles of acoustics.
In relation to the environmental design module, it is instead necessary to have acquired and assimilated the knowledge provided by the various tecnhnology courses in relation to:
- technological systems and construction
- building materials Course programme
- TECHNICAL PHYSICS MODULE:
Callbacks of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transmission. Closed and open systems. Physically homogenous and not homogenous systems. Density of a substance. Chemically homogenous and not homogenous systems. States of equilibrium of a system. Thermodynamics proprieties. Thermodynamic diagram for pure substances. First principle for closed systems and open systems.
Transformations of the open systems. Perfect gas mixtures. Air mixtures and water vapour. Natural and mechanical ventilation. Estimate of energy requirements for ventilation. Ventilation of residential premises, offices and hospitals. Ventilation in highly crowded environments. Control of environmental pollution.
Statics of fluids. Calculation of buoyancy (Archimedes force). Water supply systems in buildings. The motion of an ideal fluid. Bernoulli equation. Wind effect on building surfaces. Natural ventilation principles.
Processes of thermal exchange. Mechanisms of thermal exchange. Fourier's law. Natural and forced convection. Newton's law of cooling. Stationary conduction and convection in one multi-layer flat wall. Calculation of transmittance. Winter load calculation.
The heat exchange in unsteady regime. Heating winter, air, water, mixed. The terminals of the heating equipment. Plant radiant floor and ceiling. Calculation of the air conducts.
Characteristics of glass surfaces: light transmission coefficient, reflection coefficient and absorption factor g. Low-emission glass. Anti-UV films. Calculation of indented heat through glass surfaces. Solar Greenhouses.
Cooling and air-conditioning systems in summer. Winter and summer energy balance. Winter and summer technological plants.
Sanitary systems. Gas distribution systems. Fire-protection systems. Electrical systems for buildings.
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN MODULE:
The Environmental Design Module sets itself the objective of stimulating students with regard to the interpretation of the subject, ranging from one cale to another as the logical development of a performance-related approach to architectural and urban design.
In the current academic year attention towards aspects specialising in construction becomes important. Indeed, last June Legislative Decree N° 48/2020 came into force, implementing EU Directive N° 2018/844. This alters provisions on energy-related performance in the building industry. Part of the activity of the Course is therefore concentrated on these specific issues, which help the students to acquire skills enabling a dialogue with other operators in the field of constructions and that are important for facilitating entry into the world of work.
The topics dealt with in the lectures are:
- Definition of environment. Environmental variable in elements of contemporary architecture: the climate in Northern European architecture; ventilation as a project parameter in warm countries; architecture as landscape; urban requalification paths; performance connected with environmental variables in architectures created with heavy materials and/or with light materials; design research lines on aspects of the evaluation of environmental impact.
- Problems relating to the design of thermohygrometric well-being: parameters for the evaluation of performance; design criteria for achieving certain thermal performances; thermal and hygrometric characteristics of construction elements; spatial organisation of a building for control of energy-related exchanges; elements for protection against summer heat.
- Levels of design and environmental control: instruments for managing the cause-and-effect relationship between project solutions and global quality.
- Design and environment: search for criteria of compatibility between typological and technological choices and specific contexts. Didactic methods
- TThe Integrated Course consists of 90 hours of lessons:
- 50 hours: main discipline of Technical Systems;
- 40 hours: Environmental Design module.
The technical physics module will consist of lessons and exercises on the topics of the course.
The "environmental design" module will consist of:
- lessons
- moments of in-depth study on various topics , that also resort to the contributons of of designers and techncians in the appropriate fields,
- two group exercises, a first with the help of an automatic calculaton tool, divided up into two stages (project work-stage 1, an existing building, project work-stage 2, new design), and a second of the design type, both set up with the teachers and developed by the students, according to stages in time specified at the beginning of the course.
The activities take place in the second half-year with two meetings a week:
- Tuesday (from 9:00 to 13:00);
- Friday (from 09:00 to 13:00). Learning assessment procedures
- The learning of knowledge and skills provided for the course will be verified by:
- a written examination,on the contents of the technical physics module;
- written and oral examination concerning the Environmental Design module.
For the Environmental Design module, the written part concerns the preparation of:
- documents obtained with the help of an automatic calculation tool of the first exercise in two stages (project work stage 1, existing building, project work stage 2, new design);
- graphic documents of the design exercise, with the contents and the stages in time specified at the beginning of the course.
The oral part concerns discussion of the calculation and graphic works presented and perfect knowledge of the contents by the student.
To access to the oral exam students must pass the written one.
An oral examination on the contents of the technical physics module - carried out when the script of technical physics rating is less than 26/30 - in order to verify the effective acquisition by the student of the contents of the integrated course of Environmental Design.
The final result will be composed of the sum of the components mentioned above. Reference texts
- - Yunus A. Çengel, Termodinamica e trasmissione del calore, McGraw-Hill Education, 2013
- Toni, M. (2013), Sudtirolo Architettura – Le differenze di un territorio attraverso costruzioni realizzate nel rispetto della normativa CasaClima / Südtirol Architektur – Die Eigenheiten eines Gebietes am Beispiel von Gebäuden mit KlimaHaus Standard, Edicom, Monfalcone.
- Chiesa, G (editor) (2020), Bioclimatic approaches in urban and building design, Springer, Cham.
