TECHNICAL PHYSICS II
Academic year and teacher
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2022/2023
- Teacher
- GIUSEPPE EMMI
- Credits
- 6
- Didactic period
- Secondo Semestre
- SSD
- ING-IND/10
Training objectives
- The course represents one of the three courses concerning Technical Physics and Plants. Specifically, the course presents the practical application of the principles of Technical Physics to the thermodynamic systems of greatest interest for degree courses in Architecture.
The themes and educational opportunities are expressly aimed at providing basic knowledge, with particular reference to Thermodynamics, Acoustics and Fluid Dynamics.
The main knowledge concerns:
- the quantities and the fundamental principles of the thermodynamics
- the principles of thermodynamics, the main thermodynamic cycles, with a primary focus on those used in air conditioning and in the exploitation of renewable energy
- the basic systems and techniques for air treatment for the purposes of HVAC
- the characterization of the sound phenomenon in the field of technical acoustics (physical quantities of interest, legislation, monitoring, ...)
- methods for controlling and attenuating noise in the indoor and outdoor
- the fundamental principles of fluid dynamics in the field of hydrostatics and hydrodynamics
The most important skills concern:
- knowledge and interpretation of basic physical phenomena for the purpose of analyzing and resolving energy balances of closed and open thermodynamic systems
- identify and evaluate energy and performance aspects of the main thermodynamic cycles representative of real phenomena through the aid of models
- analyze heat pump systems, in the different modes for indoor air conditioning (air, water, soil)
- define and analyze the main air treatments for the purposes of environmental conditioning
- analyze and design systems for acoustic control in the indoor and outdoor
- solve pressure circuits, including the main plant elements (pumps, valves, ...) Prerequisites
- Mathematical analysis, differential calculus and mechanics are the main knowledges to support the attend lectures.
Therefore, students must have already taken examinations of Applied Physics I and Mathematics. Course programme
- The course includes 60 hours of frontal teaching, organized in lessons and exercises divided into several parts (Thermodynamics, Acoustics and Fluid Dynamics)
THERMODYNAMICS & FLUID DYNAMICS
Physical quantities and fundamental units of measurement of thermodynamics. Closed and open thermodynamic systems. The properties of a thermodynamic system. The different forms of energy. The thermodynamic equilibrium. The thermodynamic transformations. Perfect and real gases. 1° and 2° Principle of Thermodynamics. Direct (Otto, Diesel, Brayton, Rankine) and inverse thermodynamic cycles (compression refrigerator). Heat pumps and enhancement of renewable thermal sources (air, soil, water). Mixtures of air and water vapor (humid air). Basic treatments in the field of air conditioning.
Hints of fluid dynamics. Viscosity. Laminar and turbulent flow. Energy dissipation and simplified calculation of pressurized hydraulic systems.
ACOUSTICS
Basic acoustical concepts and variables. Plane and spherical waves propagation. Waves equation. Sound energy and intensity. Sound pressure and sound levels. Frequency analysis in half octave shift, critical frequency band. Human ear and its response to sound pressure level. Isophonic filters. A-weighted equivalent continuous noise level.
Sound sources and outdoor sound propagation, geometrical spreading, directivity index, excess attenuation factor, air absorption, shielding by barriers. Fresnel number and Maekawa equation. The traffic noise, impact and model formulation.
Control sound in enclosed spaces. Acoustic insulation and adsorption. Sabine and Eyring formulations. Reverberation time method for the measurement of the constant room. Open, semi and full reverberant field. Low/high frequency behaviour. Acoustical properties of porous material (NRC). Panel sound absorber. Mass low. Helmholtz device. Didactic methods
- Lectures assisted by PowerPoint slides, practical exercises and presentation of monitoring equipment are the main methods to present topics and apply on them.
The lectures are mainly carried out with the aid of a video projector and blackboard to present the different topics and the organization of the proposed problems. The slides of the course, while presenting the same contents, are mainly used as a synthesis of the contents of the lesson and to expose diagrams and practical examples. The suggested textbooks are an integral part of the course material.
The exercises are carried out on the blackboard with the aid of slides and remain available in the course notes.
The instrumentation is presented and applied directly in the classroom and remains available for application in the context of the thesis. Learning assessment procedures
- The methods for verifying the learning provide for the attending students: the possibility of carrying out two partial written tests during the lessons period and/or alternatively the carrying out of a single test during the exam sessions. In both cases, the tests consist of a written test. Each written test consists of several exercises, only pertinent to the topics of the course, including theoretical questions. In the case of the two partial tests; the overall result from the two tests is evaluated as an average weighted on the total number of hours of the two parts (1/3 for Acoustics; 2/3 for Thermodynamics and Fluid Dynamics). At the choice of the candidate, the positive passing of the two partial written tests allows to accept the grade or take an adding oral test to improve the final exam grade.
In all other cases, the final grade is obtained on the basis of a single written test on the entire program of the course, which also includes theoretical questions as well as numerical exercises.
To take the partial tests and/or the single written test, attendance at the course is required. Reference texts
- Book “Yunus A. Cengel, Termodinamica e Trasmissione del Calore Mc Graw Hill Milano”
Book “Yunus A. Cengel, Meccanica dei fluidi Mc Graw Hill Milano”
Book “P. Ricciardi, Elementi di acustica e illuminotecnica Mc Graw Hill Milano”
Book “A. Magrini, Progettare il silenzio, Edilizia - Quaderni per la progettazione, EPC”
Draft notes available
